Pain management generally benefits from a multidisciplinary approach
that includes pharmacologic measures (analgesics such as narcotics or
NSAIDs and pain modifiers such as tricyclic antidepressants or
anticonvulsants), non-pharmacologic measures (such as interventional
procedures, physical therapy and physical exercise, application of ice
and/or heat), and psychological measures (such as biofeedback and
cognitive therapy). Interventional procedures - typically used for
chronic back pain - include: epidural steroid injections, facet joint
injections, neurolytic blocks, Spinal Cord Stimulators and intrathecal
drug delivery system implants.