Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are diseases/infections that are transmitted by oral, anal or vaginal sexual intercourse. They are caused by bacteria, viruses and other organisms that can be present in blood, semen, body fluids or the pubic area of an infected person.

How do I know if I have an STD?

STDs can occur in both sexes but may have different presentations in men and women. Some STDs have no symptoms. However, if you are sexually active and notice any of the following symptoms, you should make an appointment at your local STI clinic or GP as soon as possible.

• Itching/irritation in the genital area;

• Unusual discharge from the penis or vagina;

• Sores or blisters in the genital area;

• Pain when passing urine;

• Pain during intercourse.

Remember that the sooner an STD is diagnosed and treated, the greater the chance of it being cured without incurring any complications.

 It is also important to alert your partner, as they need to be examined and treated if necessary. Diagnosis usually involves analysis of swabs taken from any unusual sores or discharge. In some cases a urine or blood test is also required