What are mood stabilising drugs?Mood stabilising drugs are generally used to treat disorders such as bipolar affective disorder (manic depression). In this condition, the affected person experiences severe mood fluctuations from mania (elation) to deep depression.
Mood stabilising Drugs
The frequently prescribed drug used to treat manic depression is Lithium. It is used to help reduce the intensity of the manic episodes and can help to reduce the frequency of attacks and reduce depression.
Carbamazepine and sodium valproate are two other drugs that can be used to treat manic depression and work as mood stabilisers.
How are they used?
Lithium is taken orally. The effects of lithium are not always noticeable immediately, and it is often up to 3 weeks before any improvement is noticed, so a quick-acting anti-psychotic drug will usually be prescribed in conjunction with lithium in order to control any sudden episodes of mania.
Are there any side effects?
Side effects of lithium can include:
- Sickness and nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Shaking
- Excessive thirst
These side effects will general disappear after a period of time. If you are suffering from blurred vision, seizures or general confusion you should contact your GP immediately as these symptoms may result from a lithium dosage that is too high. If lithium continues to cause side effects, then carbamazepine or sodium valproate may be more suitable alternatives.
Possible side effects of these drugs can include memory and co-ordination problems, so drug levels will be carefully monitored throughout treatment with regular blood tests.
Further precautions
Anyone who is taking lithium will be given a treatment card or bracelet to carry at all times. Dehydration can be a risk if lithium is causing vomiting or diarrhoea. Care should be taken when making dietary changes whilst taking lithium, particularly regarding salt intake, as this can drastically alter the lithium levels in the body.
